CIA Factbook The World Factbook 1994: SudanGeography Location: Northern Africa, along the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea Area: • total area: 2,505,810 sq km • land area: 2.376 million sq km • comparative area: slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US Land boundaries: total 7,687 km, Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km, Zaire 628 km Coastline: 853 km Maritime claims: • contiguous zone: 18 nm • continental shelf: 200-m depth or to depth of exploitation • territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: administrative boundary with Kenya does not coincide with international boundary; administrative boundary with Egypt does not coincide with international boundary creating the "Hala'ib Triangle," a barren area of 20,580 sq km, the dispute over this area escalated in 1993, this area continues to be in dispute Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season (April to October) Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in east and west Natural resources: small reserves of petroleum, iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver Land use: • arable land: 5% • permanent crops: 0% • meadows and pastures: 24% • forest and woodland: 20% • other: 51% Irrigated land: 18,900 sq km (1989 est.) Environment: • current issues: contaminated water supplies present human health risks; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification • natural hazards: dust storms • international agreements: party to—Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified—Biodiversity Note: largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries